在MySQL的帮助文档中Tuning InnoDB Buffer Pool Flushing提到， innodb_adaptive_flushing_lwm,innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm, innodb_io_capacity_max, 和innodb_flushing_avg_loops. 公式决定了Adaptive Flush刷入的page数。
“For systems with constant heavy workloads, or workloads that fluctuate widely, several configuration options let you fine-tune the flushing behavior for InnoDB tables: innodb_adaptive_flushing_lwm,innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm, innodb_io_capacity_max, and innodb_flushing_avg_loops. These options feed into the formula used by the innodb_adaptive_flushing option.”
Innodb_adaptive_flush_lwm：自适应flush机制的低水位。
innodb_max_dirty_page_pct_lwm:脏页的低水位，用来控制buffer pool脏页比率。
innodb_io_capacity_max：redo log最大容量，如果不设置是innodb_io_capacity的两倍。
innodb_flushing_avg_loops：n次循环后，重新计算平均刷新的dirtypage和LSN。
要刷新多少page和lsn主要代码在af_get_pct_for_dirty，af_get_pct_for_lsn中
主要控制adaptive flush的代码位于buf0flu.cc的af_get_pct_for_lsn中：
1.先判断redo log的容量是否到了innodb_adaptive_flushing_lwm低水位阀值。
2.是否配置了adaptive flush或者age超过了异步刷新的阀值。
3.lsn_age_factor=age占异步刷新阀值的比例。
4.要被刷新的比率=innodb_io_capacity_max/innodb_io_capacity*lsn_age_factor*sqrt(innodb_io_capacity)/7.5
staticulintaf_get_pct_for_lsn(/*===============*/ lsn_t age) /*!< in: current age of LSN. */{ lsn_t max_async_age; lsn_t lsn_age_factor; lsn_t af_lwm=(srv_adaptive_flushing_lwm *log_get_capacity())/100; if(age<af_lwm){ /* No adaptive flushing. */ return(0); } max_async_age=log_get_max_modified_age_async(); if(age<max_async_age&&!srv_adaptive_flushing){ /* We have still not reached the max_async point and the user has disabled adaptive flushing. */ return(0); } /* If we are here then we know that either: 1) User has enabled adaptive flushing 2) User may have disabled adaptive flushing but we have reached max_async_age. */ lsn_age_factor=(age*100)/max_async_age; ut_ad(srv_max_io_capacity>=srv_io_capacity); return(static_cast<ulint>( ((srv_max_io_capacity/srv_io_capacity) *(lsn_age_factor*sqrt((double)lsn_age_factor))) /7.5));}
和要刷新多少脏页有关的函数是af_get_pct_for_dirty：
1.如果有脏页，并且innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct=0立马刷新。
2.如果没有设置innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm，并且脏页比率超过innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct，立马刷新。
3.设置了innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm并且脏页比率比低水位大，af_get_pct_for_dirty=脏页比率/(innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct+1)
staticulintaf_get_pct_for_dirty()/*==================*/{ ulintdirty_pct=buf_get_modified_ratio_pct(); if(dirty_pct>0&&srv_max_buf_pool_modified_pct==0){ return(100); } ut_a(srv_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm <=srv_max_buf_pool_modified_pct); if(srv_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm==0){ /* The user has not set the option to preflush dirty pages as we approach the high water mark. */ if(dirty_pct>srv_max_buf_pool_modified_pct){ /* We have crossed the high water mark of dirty pages In this case we start flushing at 100% of innodb_io_capacity. */ return(100); } }elseif(dirty_pct>srv_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm){ /* We should start flushing pages gradually. */ return((dirty_pct*100) /(srv_max_buf_pool_modified_pct+1)); } return(0);}
要刷新的page=PCT_IO(max(af_get_pct_for_dirty，af_get_pct_for_lsn))+avg_page（由innodb_flushing_avg_loops到期计算得到）。
要刷新到的LSN= oldest_lsn+（(这次要刷新的page/上次已经刷新的page)+1）*avg_lsn(由innodb_flushing_avg_loops到期计算得到)
帮助文档还提到innodb_flushing_avg_loops越大，也意味着adaptive flush越慢，但是从代码看，innodb_flushing_avg_loops会影响所有的flush不单单是adaptive。当写入变大，innodb_flushing_avg_loops不变或者变大，是有可能导致flush跟不上。
staticulintpage_cleaner_flush_pages_if_needed(void)/*====================================*/{ staticlsn_t lsn_avg_rate=0; staticlsn_t prev_lsn=0; staticlsn_t last_lsn=0; staticulint sum_pages=0; staticulint last_pages=0; staticulint prev_pages=0; staticulint avg_page_rate=0; staticulint n_iterations=0; …… cur_lsn=log_get_lsn(); if(prev_lsn==0){ /* First time around. */ prev_lsn=cur_lsn; return(0); } if(prev_lsn==cur_lsn){ return(0); } /* We update our variables every srv_flushing_avg_loops iterations to smooth out transition in workload. */ if(++n_iterations>=srv_flushing_avg_loops){ avg_page_rate=((sum_pages/srv_flushing_avg_loops) +avg_page_rate)/2; /* How much LSN we have generated since last call. */ lsn_rate=(cur_lsn-prev_lsn)/srv_flushing_avg_loops; lsn_avg_rate=(lsn_avg_rate+lsn_rate)/2; prev_lsn=cur_lsn; n_iterations=0; sum_pages=0; } oldest_lsn=buf_pool_get_oldest_modification(); ut_ad(oldest_lsn<=log_get_lsn()); age=cur_lsn>oldest_lsn?cur_lsn-oldest_lsn:0; pct_for_dirty=af_get_pct_for_dirty(); pct_for_lsn=af_get_pct_for_lsn(age); pct_total=ut_max(pct_for_dirty,pct_for_lsn); /* Cap the maximum IO capacity that we are going to use by max_io_capacity. */ n_pages=(PCT_IO(pct_total)+avg_page_rate)/2; if(n_pages>srv_max_io_capacity){ n_pages=srv_max_io_capacity; } if(last_pages&&cur_lsn-last_lsn>lsn_avg_rate/2){ age_factor=static_cast<int>(prev_pages/last_pages); } …… prev_pages=n_pages; n_pages=page_cleaner_do_flush_batch( n_pages,oldest_lsn+lsn_avg_rate*(age_factor+1)); last_lsn=cur_lsn; last_pages=n_pages+1; …… if(n_pages){ …… sum_pages+=n_pages; } return(n_pages);}
[1] http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/innodb-lru-background-flushing.html14.12.1.6 Tuning InnoDB Buffer Pool Flushing
[2] http://hedengcheng.com/?p=88 InnoDB原生Checkpoint策略及各版本优化详解
[3] http://mysqllover.com/?p=620 Innodb：如何计算异步/同步刷脏及checkpoint的临界范围